Analyzing biological dendritic learning helps guide the creation of a type of AI called Deep Leaning (DL). Paradoxically, though, not only does studying the brain’s neuronal networks and pathways help design AI, but the act of designing deeper and deeper AI processes actually helps guide research into the brain’s own methods of interconnecting neurons via their multitudinous dendrites, which is called dendritic learning. It’s important to understand how Mother Nature equipped the brain to learn. But remember, each neuron has dendrites that branch out and therefore can contact many other branches from a multitude of neurons, essentially creating a “forest” of transmissions in the brain. Its earliest forms built on our understanding of local connections between any two neurons, as if there’s a straight line from neuron A to neuron B to neuron C. The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) began with the effort to build machines that “think” like the brain. All of this is part of what we call intelligence, and it’s part of human nature. Some of its learning comes from being given training models, while some of its learning occurs without guidance. As the newborn begins its life journey, its brain is learning at a remarkable rate. It is estimated that there are 86 billion neurons in the human brain, and they make up a complex learning system that can train itself by recognizing patterns in the environment, reinforcing its own success, and correcting its own errors. Dendrites have spines (similar to leaves) as part of their receptors. Dendrites (branches) extend into the synapses between their tips and other neurons to receive the biochemical messages coming their way.Soma (similar to the trunk) is the cell’s nucleus which contains its DNA, and which manufactures proteins to be transported throughout the axon and dendrites.Axon (similar to the root) is the cell’s output structure to communicate with other neurons by electrically stimulating release of biochemical messengers (neurotransmitters) into the synapse (gap) between itself and other receiving neurons.The neuron is often likened to a tree, with roots, a trunk, branches and even leaves: The basic anatomic structure in the brain is a type of cell called a neuron. When does the human brain begin learning? Amazingly, brain development and preparation for cognitive function begin before birth! According to Kadic & Kurjac (2018), “Fetal action planning is established by 22 weeks and investigations using four-dimensional ultrasound reveal that complexity of fetal motor action and behavior increases as pregnancy progresses…The capacity of the fetus to learn and memory are prodigious.” Thus, by the time an infant is born and takes its first breath, the neuroanatomy needed for learning are well developed. Artificial Intelligence Researchers Explore the Dendritic Architecture of the Human Brain
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